Medication evidence profile
Levodopa
Clinical overview
Levodopa has public medication-list entries in JARS 2025, Yamada-ABS 2023, Swe-ABS 2023, and GABS 2018. These are 4 separate source versions, each with its own evidence and definitions.
Source-specific scores
| Source | Score |
|---|---|
| JARS | 1 |
| Yamada-ABS | 0 |
| BAAS | Not listed |
| Swe-ABS | 1 |
| GABS | 1 |
| KABS | Not listed |
| CALS | Not listed |
How to read this: 0 means the source explicitly assigned zero. “Not listed” means the source did not provide a score for this medication. Scores from different scales are not averaged.
How to interpret the evidence
4 of 7 public source versions contain an explicit medication-list entry for levodopa.
The recorded values differ across the source rows for levodopa. Scale methods, definitions, source eras, evidence types and identity handling can differ; the numbers alone do not establish the reason for this medication’s disagreement.
Yamada-ABS 2023 explicitly records zero. Those recorded zeros remain different from a missing entry.
Source labels and provenance · 4 observations
- Japanese Anticholinergic Risk Scale (JARS) 2025 English translation
Source label: Levodopa. Published value: 1.
Source version: JARS-2025
Source location: RC4 source recovery; recovery_scope=primary_table_complete; ATC=N04BA01
Observation: JARS_2025_R0015; rating state: published_rating. - Yamada Pharmacological Anticholinergic Burden Scale 2023
Source label: levodopa. Published value: 0.
Source version: YAMADA-ABS-2023
Source location: GGI-23-558-s002.docx Table S1 row 11 (Antiparkinsonian agents)
Observation: YAMADA_ABS_2023_R0156; rating state: published_zero. - Swedish Anticholinergic Burden Scale 2023
Source label: Levodopa. Published value: 1.
Source version: SWE-ABS-2023
Source location: RC4 source recovery; recovery_scope=primary_final_nonzero_complete
Observation: SWE_ABS_2023_R0034; rating state: published_rating. - German Anticholinergic Burden Score 2018
Source label: Levodopa. Published value: 1.
Source version: GABS-2018
Source location: RC4 source recovery; recovery_scope=primary_nonzero_complete
Observation: GABS_2018_R0059; rating state: published_rating.
What this page does not establish
- No medication-list entry is available here from BAAS 2019, KABS 2020 open validation supplement, and CALS 2022 Table 4. These gaps remain “Not listed”; no score is inferred from another source or from class membership.
- No route inference unless present in the source label.
- These source records do not estimate an individual’s probability of harm or establish whether to start, stop or change a medication. Ordinal source scores are not averaged into a UnifiedACB score.
References
- Mizokami F, Mizuno T, Taguchi R, et al. Development of the Japanese Anticholinergic Risk Scale: English translation of the Japanese article. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2025;25(1):5-13. doi:10.1111/ggi.15001. Open source
- Yamada S, Mochizuki M, Chimoto J, Futokoro R, Kagota S, Shinozuka K. Development of a pharmacological evidence-based anticholinergic burden scale for medications commonly used in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2023;23(7):558-564. doi:10.1111/ggi.14619. Open source
- Rube T, Ecorcheville A, Londos E, Modig S, Johansson P. Development of the Swedish anticholinergic burden scale (Swe-ABS). BMC Geriatr. 2023;23(1):518. doi:10.1186/s12877-023-04225-1. Open source
- Kiesel EK, Hopf YM, Drey M. An anticholinergic burden score for German prescribers: score development. BMC Geriatr. 2018;18(1):239. doi:10.1186/s12877-018-0929-6. Open source
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Medication context: Levodopa
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